The Department of Nuclear Science and Technology of Lanzhou University was founded in 1958. The initial teachers were mainly suppliedfrom relative majors in Peking University, Nanjing University and other Universities.In the early and mid-1960s, outstanding graduates from nationalkey universities and some returnees from the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and Japan joined in the department, and the department was merged with two majors(nuclear physics andradiochemistry)from Nankai University. These measures enhancedteaching and research abilities of the discipline. This discipline has long been engaged in manyresearch fields, i.e.low-energy, high-current accelerator technology and its application, ion beam physics and its application in materials science, industrial nuclear instrumentation and electronic control technology, and environmental radiochemistry.The Department has its own self-developed fast neutron source with a yield of 10¹² neutrons/second, 2x1.7MV serial electrostatic accelerator, 50KV strong current ion implanter, and domestic first-class low background laboratory,nuclear electronics laboratory, electrical and electronics laboratory, nuclear detection laboratory, nuclear technology laboratory, radiation protection laboratory, open Laboratory of nuclear chemistry and Radiochemistry. After years of construction, the overall level of this discipline has been at the forefront of similar nationaldisciplines.

In 2001, the Ministry of Education approved the establishment of the “National Application Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education” in this discipline.In 2002, the “Center for the Collaborative Research Center for Nuclear Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education” was established.In 2005, the “National Application Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education” passed the acceptance test.In 2006, the provincial talent training base for nuclear science and technology was added.

Consisting of basic science, technical science and engineering science, nuclear science and technology is considered as a comprehensive and cutting-edge discipline with great practical significance and theoretical development prospects. Its research field covers nuclear energy science and engineering, nuclear fuel cycle and materials,nuclear technology and applications, radiation protection and environmental protection.

With the popularization and development of knowledge onnuclear science and technology, the application of nuclear science and technology has received more and more attention. Nuclear science and technology have been applied to many fields, such as energy, environment, industry, agriculture, national defense and medical and scientific research. Nuclear science and technology has brought great social and economic benefits.

At present,one of the most important research and application fields of this discipline is nuclear energy, which is an indispensable part of the world's energy structure.In particular, the use of fission energy has been widely developed and it is recognized as the only efficient, clean and economical energy source that can replace fossil energy. The development of nuclear energy has made great progress in the world, and it has become more and more important in China's national economy. Its success will definitely make a major contribution to the ultimate solution of energy problems for mankind.

This discipline is closely related to the construction of ecological civilization. Environmental protection is a basic national policy in China. In environmental protection, this discipline mainly studies radiation protection, treatment and disposal technologies of nuclear waste and hazardous waste, waste resource technology, migration and transformation of radioactive materials as well as toxic and hazardous substances in surface and groundwater and atmospheric environment, environmental assessment and safety analysis of management of nuclear waste and hazardous waste, and application of nuclear technology in environmental science and engineering. Therefore, this discipline is of great significance for protecting human health and human living environment.

Nuclear science and technology affectsnot only the world today, but also our daily lives. Nuclear science and technology can be found everywhere, e.g.,from the achievements of two bombs and one boat to the rapid development of nuclear power, from Shenzhouairshipto Chang’eLunar orbiter, from the exploration of life to the realization of new varieties, from the inspection of industrial products to the realization of industrial automation. The energy issue is currently the biggest problem in the world. Although political issues often block the development of nuclear energy, it is accepted that nuclear energy is the only feasible way to solve the energy crisis.This discipline focuseson safe and effective use of fission nuclear energy and the rapid development of fusion nuclear energy.

From the perspective of the strategic layout of the national nuclear industry, the vast majority of research and production institutions are concentrated in the west, especially Gansu Province, a veritable nuclear power province where the discipline is located. Except nuclear power plants, Gansu Province covers a complete nuclear industry system, and has the most complete nuclear facilities in the country. The backbone staffs of nuclear-related research institutions and large state-owned enterprises in Gansu Province are mainly graduates from this discipline. Therefore, the development of this discipline has unique geographical advantages and human resources advantages, and can give play to the advantages of science in serving local economic construction and deliveringhigh-quality talents for professional counterparts

The direction of discipline

Aiming at the needs of the country, especially the national defense needs, this discipline has carried out a large number of scientific researches, and has achieved remarkable results. Most research results are at the domestic advanced level, and part of them has reached the international advanced level.The distinctive characteristics and advantages are formed in this discipline. In recent years, according to the research frontiers and the strategic needs of the country, the discipline further consolidates the research direction, highlightsits characteristics.Advantages of this discipline are consolidatedin the following aspects.

1. Fusion neutronics:This aspect focuses on the development of fast neutron generator equipment, and uses this type of equipment to carry out research on neutron physics and technology applications. It has successively developed a number of neutron generators with a yield of 10¹⁰, 10¹¹, 10¹² neutrons/second for this discipline and fraternal institutes. The 3.3×10¹² neutron/second strong current neutron generator, developed and placed in this discipline, is the only fast neutron generator in China that reaches the order of 10¹² neutrons/second, ranking first in China and advanced in the world. It was also designated by the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau as one of the simulated neutron sources for the anti-radiation reinforcement of China's strategic weapons. This aspect completed the national 'Plan 863' and project 'concentration-fission hybrid reactor structural material neutron irradiation damage'; completed two phases of the anti-radiation reinforcement pre-research project from National Defense Science and Technology Commission, as well as radiation-resistant and reinforcement simulation experiments for more than 2000 semiconductor components; completed the project “Measures of Fast Neutron Nuclear Data of 70 Several Hundreds of Reaction Channels” from China Nuclear Data Center; carried out the Sino-French cooperation research project on “Fast Neutron Radiation Breeding”.

At present, relying on the support fromNational Application Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, the “Project 211” of Ministry of Education, and the Scientific Instrument Project of National Natural Science Foundation, a stronger strong current neutron generator is under developing. Machine design and processing of key components have been completed and it is expected to be assembled and commissioned within two years. At the same time, this aspect is also undertaking the development of the online neutron activation analysis system for industrial sites, as well as some research work supported by some national and provincial funds.

2. Interaction between radiation and matter:Relying on2×1.7MV tandem accelerator introduced from abroad, full-band wavelength continuously adjustable high power density femtosecond laser, and ECR Heavy ion source and medium-high energy heavy ion accelerator in neighboring Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, researches on the interaction of charged energy, low energy and high charge ions, low energy negative ions and laser beam with matterhave carried out. In particular, a number of leading results in China have been obtained on 'multi-electron capture process based on atomic subshell', 'electron-negative ion collision causes negative ion multiple ionization process', 'resonant backscatter cross section measurement of protons on light nuclei', 'low energy and high charge state ions interact with surface”, 'the measurement of the energy loss rate of some combination of missile targets', 'the environmental effect of low-energy nuclear reaction', 'laser plasma' and 'strong laser generated attosecond pulse' and so on.

3.Nuclear electronics and nuclear instrumentation:Thenew nuclear scale, the level gauge, the liquid surface automatic tracking instrument and other nuclear instrumentation have been developed for the factory and mining enterprises. These new nuclear instruments have overcome the major shortcomings of similar instruments in the past and have been welcomed by users. Among them, the dynamic material online neutron water measurement system has achieved considerable benefits after being put into use by large-scale metallurgical enterprises such as Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. and Jiuquan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., and has won praises and rewards from users. At the same time, this aspect has also developed low-energy heavy ion implantation equipment, high-current dual plasma ion source, multi-purpose small accelerator, neutron moisture meter, neutron activation analyzer, high-current high-voltage power supply, special high-voltage pulse power supply, space single particle effect simulation device, aerospace optical communication simulation device, and etc.for other scientific research institutes.

4. Nuclearenvironment:This aspect mainly studies the adsorption, migration and accumulation of radionuclides in environmental media, as well as the chemical problems related to the treatment and disposal of nuclear waste. In recent years, a number of scientific research projects,i.e.'Study on adsorption, desorption and migration of radionuclides in environmental media', 'enrichment of stable isotopes by chemical methods', 'separation of rare earth elements by pressurized ion exchange', 'reduction-ion exchange method for extracting fluorescence' have been carried out and have received widespread attention from domestic and foreign counterparts. The research level is at the leading position domestically and has a considerable influence in the internationally. The completed application research results have brought huge economic benefits and good social benefits to the enterprise. The “Study on anti-scaling and anti-corrosion technology of evaporating tank heating tube in beet sugar factory” solved the problem of corrosion and scaling of evaporation cans for sugar factories in Gansu, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, and saved millions of yuan for each enterprise every year. The technology has applied for national patents and has won the second prize in Science and Technology Progressof Gansu Province. “Nuclear radionuclide analysis”, “α sediment non-alphaization research”, “air pipe decontamination method research” and “small space decontamination tool development” and many other scientific research projects on nuclear reactor decommissioning are pioneering in China. The work, its research results are highly valued by the former National Defense Science and Technology Commission, China National Nuclear Corporation and other relevant departments and received widespread attention domestically and internationally. At present, the project of “Research on the treatment of α-sand and rust-scale non-alphaization research project” from the National Defense Science and Technology Commission has entered the cold test stage. Thisaspect is also undertaking two major military research projects onhigh -level nuclear disposal and a number of projects from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

The main construction content

(1) Academic team

After unremitting efforts from several generations, this discipline retains a team highly accomplished in teaching, scientific research and technology development. It is a diligent, dedicated and synergic team with distinctive research characteristics in the field of nuclear science and technology, reasonable structure of age and title, innovation and international competitiveness. There are 51 full-time teachers, 8 professors, 24 associate professors. 48 teachers have doctoral degrees. In the past five years, there have been 2 new-century talents of the Ministry of Education, 3 leading talents in Gansu Province, 1 winner of the BaoGang Education Award for outstanding teachers, 1 winner of the Gansu Provincial Gardener Award, 3 winners of the Gansu Provincial Award for young teachers in colleges/universities, 1 winner of the Gansu Provincial model of teacher's professional ethic and 2winners ofteacher's professional ethic model of Lanzhou University.

(2) Talent development

In 2012, this discipline has revised the postgraduate training program to make the curriculum more close to the frontier of the discipline, the national needs and the development oflocal economy and society.The training process is more standardized, the assessment of trainingquality and system of supervision and guarantee are further improved, and the requirements for review and defense of graduates are more scientific. In the case that requirements of postgraduate training is meet, the discipline characteristics of training in nuclear science and technology are further highlighted. The employment of postgraduate in nuclear science and technology is very good. Most of them are employed in relevant universities and research institutes in China, engaged in teaching, scientific research and technology development. Some graduate students are employed in environmental protection, quality inspection and technical supervision, and construction and running units in nuclear power plants. In recent years, three doctoral students have won the Doctoral Scholar Newcomer Award from the Ministry of Education, one graduate student has been awarded the QiuShiprize, three graduate students have received the Gongju Sun scholarship, and seventeen graduate students have received the national scholarship.

(3) Scientific research

In the past five years, this discipline has undertaken 40 national-level projects, including 2 major or key projects, and also undertaken other 77 projects supported by provincial and ministerial-level fund and horizontal development.The total research expenditure of these projects is 42.79 million yuan, more than 300 academic papers, including 207 by SCI/EI/ISTP were published, and one patent of invention was approved. It is particularly worth mentioning that in 2013, a special instrument of 8.5 million yuan was awarded from the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinato develop a high-yield single-energy fast neutron generator. As the first participating unit, this discipline jointly applied for a more than 50 million yuan funding from major instruments project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the task of thisdisciplineis the miniaturization of neutron generators.The most advanced PET and SPECT medical imaging laboratory in domestic universities was established.This discipline also undertook the simulation task of sensor of Chang’elunar-exploration project, and the quality of the task was verified in the soft landing of Chang’eLunar orbiter on December14^th, 2013.

(4) Academic exchanges

This discipline is very focused on international exchanges and cooperation. In recent years, through the national public postgraduate programs for constructing high-leveluniversity and good substantive cooperation between this discipline and foreign research institutions, dozens of graduate students wentfor exchange and study in foreign universities, institutes and laboratory.In the past five years, teacher and students from this discipline have participated in 85 international academic conferences and given more than 60 academic reports. 15 teachers and students have been abroad for more than one year. In addition, this discipline held two important internationalacademic conferences, i.e.,the 6th Global Chinese Physics Conference (625 participants) and the International Hadron Physics Symposium (35 participants), and two national academic conferences,i.e., the Symposium on Radiochemistry and Nuclear Environment and the National Symposium on Overweight Nuclear Synthesis and Propertiesin 2009, which have provided teachers and students opportunities and platforms for extensive academic exchanges and understanding of cutting-edge dynamics. In 2013, more than 20 well-known domestic and foreignexperts and scholars were invited to visit and give academic reports. The teachers from this discipline were invited to give report at international academic conferences for four times.

(5) Construction planning and basic conditions

The overall goal of the construction of this discipline is to build a high-level talent training center, scientific research center and science and technology development center for nuclear science and technology in China, providinga large number of high-quality talentsfor the researchof nuclear science, the constructionof nuclear industry, the constructionof national defense industry and the developmentof nuclear technology,and promoting the development of nuclear research and technology applications.In the aspect of strong current low energy accelerator technology and application, a 6×10¹² neutron/second strong current neutron generator will be built. In the aspect of ion beam technology and its application in life sciences, the low energy ion beam and laser nuclear physics research platform will be perfected. In the aspect of environmental radiochemistry, research on nuclear facility safety and radiation environmental protection will be performed, and a joint laboratory with enterprises will beestablished.In the aspect of industrial and instrumentation and electronic control technology, a nuclear instrumentation research and development basewill be built, which can improve the performance of standard instrumentation, make progress in the development of non-standard equipment, and provide users with satisfactory equipment.

(6) Serving the economic construction of Gansu Province

The advantages of talents and accelerator technology, nuclear detection technology, nuclear electronics and control technology will be utilizedto serve the country's social and economic development, as well as the province's technological progress and economic development. The neutron beam of the strong current neutron generator, irradiated a large amount of ITER materials, military nuclear materials and biological samples provided fromscientific research institutes of Gansu province.A new wheat varietywas selected and promoted in large areas in our province.A neutron moisture meter was developed for Jiuquan Steel Group and Jinchuan Company.The space single-event effect simulation device and space radiation environment communication simulation device were developed for Harbin Institute of Technology. AX-ray thickness gauge was developed for a Shanghai company.A set of neutron generators with -350kV high voltage power supply was developed for China Atomic Energy Research Institute. A special high voltage power supply was developed for the China Academy of Engineering Physics. A wireless radiation field dose monitoring prototype was developed, andlocal enterprises were commissioned forits popularization. Many scientific research tasks were undertaken,such aspart research task from China's pilot project ofspent fuel reprocessing (located in the province), some scientific research tasks for the decommissioning of nuclear facilities in our province, and assisting the Gansu Provincial Nuclear Safety Bureau to carry outnuclear and radiation staff training for more than 10 times.